Modelling dynamics of water conflicts: the case of Carracillo region (Spain)

Equitable water allocation in the context of local-scale water conflicts can be very challenging. This study aimed at providing new perspectives to the analysis of local water conflict with a special focus on two issues. First, the most vulnerable communities, who face the largest risk from unbalanced water management decisions, are often devoid of any technical and scientific support. And second, ecosystem services are hardly took into account when it comes to water allocation decision-making. We present a holistic framework for the analysis of small-scale water disputes, contributing an integrated approach to the analysis of water conflicts, by providing technical solutions combined with an in-depth analysis of social dynamics. The analysis focuses on an ongoing water conflict in El Carracillo region (Spain), related to an artificial aquifer recharge project. This case study involves two competing water users: on the one hand horticultural farmers; and, on the other hand, ecosystem services provided by Cega river, from which water is diverted in order to recharge the aquifer. Based on a stakeholder analysis, a tool was built to support participatory processes by facilitating mediation procedures. The optimization showed that solutions exist that account for ecosystem needs without causing major negative impacts on El Carracillo agriculture, and suggested that a re-negotiation of the rules that govern water diversion from Cega river is needed.