Visualising the Constantinian Basilica

This paper explores the architectural and historical reconstruction of the Basilica of St John Lateran during the Constantinian period. Using advanced digital tools such as laser scanning, 3D modelling and ground-penetrating radar, the study aims to produce a comprehensive visualisation of the basilica's original structure, interior and decorative elements. The project integrates archaeological data, historical texts and scholarly interpretations to address unresolved questions about the basilica's architectural layout, lighting systems and use of spolia. The authors critique previous reconstructions, refining and extending them with new methods and data. Their findings highlight the importance of Constantine's use of materials, spatial arrangements and lighting in establishing the basilica as a monumental statement of imperial and Christian power. This visualisation provides a dynamic platform for further scholarly debate, serving as both a research tool and a method for reassessing early Christian architecture. Key themes include the challenges of interpreting incomplete evidence, the liturgical and symbolic functions of the basilica, and the role of technological advances in reconstructing historical spaces.