Big Data, Privacy, and Protection of the User of Autonomous Vehicles: Ethical Issues, Insurance Aspects, and Human Rights .

The ethical and legal challenges resulting from information and communication technologies (ICT) are pervasive in our lives. The digitalization of mobility and the increase of data are creating new requirements to be met by vehicle safety and infrastructure with a view to protecting the rights and freedoms of data subjects. Automated/autonomous vehicles (AVs) as well as connected automated/autonomous vehicles (CAVs) and driving systems require clear cybersecurity and data protection requirements. This chapter examines the use of ICT technologies to collect massive amounts of data and the principles of fundamental rights and the interplay of the above with the drafting process of motor insurance contracts. We discuss the repercussions involved for the users/drivers of AVs/CAVs in relation to their privacy and the ethical issues and implications involved in big data collection and usage in terms of connected AVs and CAVs. We also discuss the lessons drawn from intellectual property (IP) law that can be applied to personal data and privacy, as well as examine the comparative legal regime in Germany and Italy, cybersecurity issues in relation to data, and the effect of big data and AVs/CAVs on insurance.