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This short essay discusses “residual urban spaces”, decayed, inactive spaces scarcely usable due to their positional, dimensional, morphological, and semantic characteristics. For example, a large dismissed industrial area in an urban periphery and an interstitial space in a historical center can be residual. In the framework of such a broad theme, the paper focuses on the residual spaces in the most ancient parts of the cities. After reflecting on the subject, the paper introduces a method for individuating and assessing small residual spaces in historical contexts (Residuality Assessment Process), aiming at their ‘rehabilitation’ to urban life. Finally, it outlines some guidelines for their regeneration.