Introduction and aimNfL and GFAP are promising blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. However, few studies have explored plasma GFAP in the prodromal and preclinical stages of AD. In our cross-sectional study, our aim is to investigate the role of these biomarkers in the earliest stages of AD.Materials and methodsWe enrolled 40 patients (11 SCD, 21 MCI, 8 AD dementia). All patients underwent neurological and neuropsychological examinations, analysis of CSF biomarkers (A & beta;42, A & beta;42/A & beta;40, p-tau, t-tau), Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype analysis and measurement of plasma GFAP and NfL concentrations. Patients were categorized according to the ATN system as follows: normal AD biomarkers (NB), carriers of non-Alzheimer's pathology (non-AD), prodromal AD, or AD with dementia (AD-D).ResultsGFAP was lower in NB compared to prodromal AD (p = 0.003, d = 1.463) and AD-D (p = 0.002, d = 1.695). NfL was lower in NB patients than in AD-D (p = 0.011, d = 1.474). NfL demonstrated fair accuracy (AUC = 0.718) in differentiating between NB and prodromal AD, with a cut-off value of 11.65 pg/mL. GFAP showed excellent accuracy in differentiating NB from prodromal AD (AUC = 0.901) with a cut-off level of 198.13 pg/mL.ConclusionsGFAP exhibited excellent accuracy in distinguishing patients with normal CSF biomarkers from those with prodromal AD. Our results support the use of this peripheral biomarker for detecting AD in patients with subjective and objective cognitive decline.

The role of plasma neurofilament light chain and glial fibrillary acidic protein in subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment / Mazzeo, Salvatore; Ingannato, Assunta; Giacomucci, Giulia; Bagnoli, Silvia; Cavaliere, Arianna; Moschini, Valentina; Balestrini, Juri; Morinelli, Carmen; Galdo, Giulia; Emiliani, Filippo; Piazzesi, Diletta; Crucitti, Chiara; Frigerio, Daniele; Polito, Cristina; Berti, Valentina; Padiglioni, Sonia; Sorbi, Sandro; Nacmias, Benedetta; Bessi, Valentina. - In: NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES. - ISSN 1590-3478. - ELETTRONICO. - 45:(2024), pp. 1031-1039. [10.1007/s10072-023-07065-4]

The role of plasma neurofilament light chain and glial fibrillary acidic protein in subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment

Mazzeo, Salvatore;Ingannato, Assunta;Giacomucci, Giulia;Bagnoli, Silvia;Cavaliere, Arianna;Moschini, Valentina;Balestrini, Juri;Galdo, Giulia;Emiliani, Filippo;Crucitti, Chiara;Frigerio, Daniele;Polito, Cristina;Berti, Valentina;Padiglioni, Sonia;Sorbi, Sandro;Nacmias, Benedetta;Bessi, Valentina
2024

Abstract

Introduction and aimNfL and GFAP are promising blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. However, few studies have explored plasma GFAP in the prodromal and preclinical stages of AD. In our cross-sectional study, our aim is to investigate the role of these biomarkers in the earliest stages of AD.Materials and methodsWe enrolled 40 patients (11 SCD, 21 MCI, 8 AD dementia). All patients underwent neurological and neuropsychological examinations, analysis of CSF biomarkers (A & beta;42, A & beta;42/A & beta;40, p-tau, t-tau), Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype analysis and measurement of plasma GFAP and NfL concentrations. Patients were categorized according to the ATN system as follows: normal AD biomarkers (NB), carriers of non-Alzheimer's pathology (non-AD), prodromal AD, or AD with dementia (AD-D).ResultsGFAP was lower in NB compared to prodromal AD (p = 0.003, d = 1.463) and AD-D (p = 0.002, d = 1.695). NfL was lower in NB patients than in AD-D (p = 0.011, d = 1.474). NfL demonstrated fair accuracy (AUC = 0.718) in differentiating between NB and prodromal AD, with a cut-off value of 11.65 pg/mL. GFAP showed excellent accuracy in differentiating NB from prodromal AD (AUC = 0.901) with a cut-off level of 198.13 pg/mL.ConclusionsGFAP exhibited excellent accuracy in distinguishing patients with normal CSF biomarkers from those with prodromal AD. Our results support the use of this peripheral biomarker for detecting AD in patients with subjective and objective cognitive decline.
2024
45
1031
1039
Goal 3: Good health and well-being
Mazzeo, Salvatore; Ingannato, Assunta; Giacomucci, Giulia; Bagnoli, Silvia; Cavaliere, Arianna; Moschini, Valentina; Balestrini, Juri; Morinelli, Carm...espandi
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Utilizza questo identificatore per citare o creare un link a questa risorsa: https://hdl.handle.net/2158/1355758
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