Natura-cultura: un dualismo critico necessario

This essay intends to revisit the issue of the nature-culture relationship in light of the criticisms that a part of contemporary theory has addressed to the theme of dualism. Authors such as Descola, Morton, and partly also Latour, have seen in the nature-culture dualism the ideological definition of a superiority of the cultural over the natural that would form the background to the negative relationship between production and the environment; while human and social evolution would in reality show a necessary synthesis between environment and culture. Only by overcoming the original vice of dualism would it be possible to correctly pose the problem of a balanced relationship between environment and development. The aim of the essay is instead to show how this position is in turn flawed by the assumption of a necessary (and inevitable) introjection of the environment into the productive system; while authors such as Lukács, Marcuse and Serres (who claim a substantial otherness of nature with respect to the economic-productive system)allow us to re-evaluate the nature-culture dualism in the concrete terms of conflict and criticism of the current development model.