Photodynamic therapy 2.0

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a widely documented and well-coated treatment for various diseases, including oncological and non-oncological ones. It is based on the cytotoxic action of hyperactive oxygen species, such as singlet oxygen, superoxide anion, and hydroxyl radicals, generated by the transfer of energy and/or electrons from the photoexcited oxygen sensitizer. The efficacy of PDT is attributed to three main mechanisms: direct death of tumor cells or inflammation, damage to tumor vessels, and an immunological response associated with the stimulation of leukocytes and the release of interleukins and other cytokines, growth factors, complement components, acute-phase proteins, and other immunoregulators. The first successful edition of "Photodynamic Therapy 2.0" covers all aspects of PDT, including the discovery of new natural and synthetic photosensitizers, biomaterials, nanotechnology, in vitro and in vivo studies, and clinical trials. The collaboration of all parties in this volume will strengthen and stimulate further research in the field of photodynamic therapy.