Wood is an organic material used for structural, decorative and aesthetic applications. However, when it is used in external environment exposed to atmospheric agents a lot of its properties change. Thermal modification has become a conventional answer to improve some of the wood properties that makes the material suitable for external use. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of both thermal modification and accelerated weathering on the surface hardness of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and pine (Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold). Five groups of 20 samples each are prepared for the modification process. The samples are modified at high temperatures (180 and 220 °C) with two different periods (2 h and 8 h). After that, the modified samples are exposed to the accelerated weathering conditions for two different time durations (120 and 240 h) according to the ASTM G154 standard. The hardness measurements of radial surface are made on natural (untreated), modified and accelerated weathered samples, according to the respective standards. The highest percentage of mass loss is detected at treatment with the higher temperature and the longer time. The hardness values are increased for samples modified at lower temperature and time (180 °C for 2 h), and decreased for treatment with higher temperature and longer time (the highest decrease is detected for treatment 220 °C for 8 h). The hardness of heat-treated wood samples exposed in accelerated weathering decreases compared to the control samples.
Effects of Accelerated Weathering on Surface Hardness of Thermally Modified Woods (Fagus sylvatica and Pinus nigra) / Cota H.; Lato E.; Peri L.; Thoma H.; Quku D.; Ajdinaj D.; Kola E.; Allegretti O.; Togni M.; Goli G.. - ELETTRONICO. - Springer Proceedings in Materials 86:(2025), pp. 34-43. [10.1007/978-3-031-99418-0_5]
Effects of Accelerated Weathering on Surface Hardness of Thermally Modified Woods (Fagus sylvatica and Pinus nigra)
Allegretti O.;Togni M.;Goli G.
2025
Abstract
Wood is an organic material used for structural, decorative and aesthetic applications. However, when it is used in external environment exposed to atmospheric agents a lot of its properties change. Thermal modification has become a conventional answer to improve some of the wood properties that makes the material suitable for external use. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of both thermal modification and accelerated weathering on the surface hardness of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and pine (Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold). Five groups of 20 samples each are prepared for the modification process. The samples are modified at high temperatures (180 and 220 °C) with two different periods (2 h and 8 h). After that, the modified samples are exposed to the accelerated weathering conditions for two different time durations (120 and 240 h) according to the ASTM G154 standard. The hardness measurements of radial surface are made on natural (untreated), modified and accelerated weathered samples, according to the respective standards. The highest percentage of mass loss is detected at treatment with the higher temperature and the longer time. The hardness values are increased for samples modified at lower temperature and time (180 °C for 2 h), and decreased for treatment with higher temperature and longer time (the highest decrease is detected for treatment 220 °C for 8 h). The hardness of heat-treated wood samples exposed in accelerated weathering decreases compared to the control samples.
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