Enhancing Inhibitory Control Through Computerized Cognitive Training: Behavioral and Electrophysiological Evidence

Inhibitory control is a fundamental cognitive function that enables indi-viduals to suppress inappropriate responses in favor of actions guided by internal goals and contextual cues. Dysfunction in this domain is linked to the development of risky behaviors, such as substance addiction, and un-derlies several clinical conditions, including Parkinson's disease, ADHD and impulsivity disorders. However, inhibitory control can be improved through specific interventions. The present study proposes a computerized cognitive training (CCT) protocol, specifically designed to enhanced this ability. Using a between-group experimental design, we compared a training group, which completed one week of CCT, with a control group which re-ceived no intervention. To assess training effectiveness, we used both be-havioral and neural (EEG) measures collected during a Go/No-Go task. In particular, the analysis focused on the ERP components N2 and No-Go P3, which are known markers of inhibitory processes. The results showed a dif-ferent pattern of ERP modulation between the groups, with notable differ-ences in the No-Go P3 component. In particular, post-training activity was characterized by an increased amplitude during successful inhibitions, and by a steeper P3 slope in trials with inhibition failures. These patterns may reflect a more efficient engagement of inhibitory and performance-monitoring processes following training.