Management tools for cultural landscapes: the case of "5 Terre" National Park

Cognitive reserches are the basis for cultural landscape menaging. Knowing a landscape does not only means to analyse the single components, natural and cultural, material and immaterial goods, but also to identify its identities through its qualifying elements . The organization and elaboration of complex data allows to subsequently individualize those ambits of general solidarity, which are characterised by specific relationships and different vocations, for which aimed strategies of development should be proposed. The identification of the different unities, characterised by “specific and separate systems of visual, ecological, functional, historical and cultural relationships, that confer them a precise physiognomy and a recognizable identity" (GAMBINO 2001), is the first step of a project and it allows not only to identify the different vocations, but also the different strategies and directions to be effected in the different realities. Standing the objective of the protection and maintenance of the landscape identity, the finality is to propose a series of guided interventions that are transformed into punctual proposals and events that have to be realised within an integrated management model. If, on one side, conservative strategies are identified and strongly referred to territory, in relationship to development perspectives that are concretely present in the territorial areas, from the other side the tendency is to seek co-evolutionary paths of economic and ecological systems according to innovative forms of interaction between environment and society. The attempt to intervene on towns and on territory to improve the human and ecological systems suggests the substitution of the protection by islands, with a net protection type, to be applied in a wide area. So, the Park of the Cinque Terre has been seen and analyzed not as a discarded element, but as a territorial system, linked to a wider system of protected areas and villages through a dense network of both carriage and pedestrian corridors.