CHARACTERIZATION AND GENETIC FINGERPRINT OF SAFFRON

The purpose of this paper is the analysis of stigmas from Crocus sativus cultivated in Italy and Iran to characterize secondary metabolites and the quality of commercial saffron and the characterization of the biological active components of stamens and sepals in order to find a possible use of this recycling material which is the most consistent part of Crocus sativus flowers. The major biologically active components of saffron are crocin analogues which are all glycosides of trans-crocetin, a carotenoid derivative which are responsible for colour. Stigmas, sepals and stamens of Crocus sativus L. samples were analysed for their crocins, flavonols and anthocyanins content. Identification of crocins, flavonols (kaempferol and quercetin derivatives) and anthocyanins was carried out by HPLC/DAD analysis. Other aim of this study will be the definition of a genetic fingerprint useful for the characterization of saffron germplasm.